Radiator



(No Model.) J. R. REED.

y RADIVAKTGR. No. 347,127.v Patented Aug. 10, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

JOHN R. REED, OF VESTFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

RADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 347,127, dated August10. 1886.

Application tiled February 16, 1886. Serial No. 192,133. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. REED, a citizen of theUnitcd States,residing at Westiield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRadiators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. A

My invention is an improvement inradiators employed for warmingbnildingsparticularly that form of radiator known in the trade as theUpright Sectional` Pipe-Radiator;77 and my said invention consists incertain details of construction and arrangement of the same, as will beshortly hereinafter described, and embraced in the claims, wherebythesec. tions of the radiator may be rapidly and securely unitedtogether without the use of screw-threads or packing. The sections aresimple in construction, and by means of their shape are renderedstronger andwith a greater vamount ot' heating-surface in a given spacethan has heretofore been attainable,and a positive circulation of thewarmingmedium, be it steam, air, or water, whichever may be nsed,' iscaused through all parts of the structure.

In upright sectional pi pe-radiators the pipes are, so for as I amaware, of the same shape or form in cross section, and arranged ingroups of twos, and in these, as also most all other radiators, thesections are united to each other by a screw joint, with packing; or,where a simple slip-joint is made, as in a previous patent granted meApril 26, 1876, of which the present invention is an improvement, theunion of the two sections was effected by forming a threadless taperingprojection or nipple upon one side of the section, which was receivedinto a tapering hole made in the opposite section, a tapering hole beingformed in one side of each section and a proj ection upon the oppositeside; but in that case, owing to the projection being integral with thebody of the section, the manufacture of the radiator was rendereddifficult and costly.

This invention, therefore, has for its object the overcoming of thisdefect and. objection, and this is accomplished by forming each sectionthe same upon both sides-that is, with a tapering hole in each side atboth top and bottom, and uniting them by aseparate threadless nipple,made separate and detachable from n vshouldered nipple upon the sectionitself, as

in the patent hereinbefore referred to, and, in addition to this, thenipples being removable, they can be readily replaced when broken orinjured, and the radiator-section still continued in use, which wouldnot be the casein the event of a breakage of the nipple when made'integral with and directly upon said section.

For a better comprehension of the details vof my invention, referencemust now be had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lrepresents a view in perspective of an upright sectional pipe radiatorconstructed according to my invention, and Fig. 2 a vertical centralsectional elevation of the same. Fig. 3 represents a face view of one ofthe sections of the radiator; Fig. 4, a vertical transverse sectionalelevation, and Fig. 5 a cross-sectional plan view of the same. Fig. 6 isa detached view, on an enlarged scale, of the detachable threndlessnipple for effecting the union between the sections of the radiator; andFig.- 7 is a similar view of the removable cap for closing one of thelower openings of the sections to divert the heatii'lg-current as itenters the radiator.

A A represent the sections of which the radiator is composed, any numberof which may be employed, and each of which is similar in construction,as I will now proceed to show.

Each section is composed of a single central vertically-arranged pipeiortube, a, and two outside cylindrical pipes, b @arranged parallel withand a short distance from the central lpipe and upon oppositesidesthereof, asshown in Figs. 3 and 4. These pipes are connected to eachother by short lateral pipes, as at c, situated at each extremity, aswell as at the center of the section, and, as shown in Fig. 5,

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the central pipe is quite large, of elliptical or oval shape, andfluted,while the outside pipes are small, plain, and cylindrical, theobject of which will presently appeal'. Through the central portion ofeach side of the sections, at both top and bottom thereof, openings B Care made to form the necessary communication through the radiator, andthese openings are, as shown in Fig. 2, made slightly tapering toreceive the nipple D, by which the sections are united together in onestack. The holes at the top of the radiator-sections are made smallerthan the ones at the bottom, and the nipples aremade correspondingly.These nipples are, as shown in Fig. G, entirely separate froln thesections, and are made tapering at each end, as at d, and they are ofsuch length that when in position the sections of the radiator at theirtop and bottom will be flush and close together, with only a very slightopening between the central pipes, as shown in Fig. 2, while the outsidepipes are somewhat farther removed. This, therefore, will explain theobject of forming the sections of a central large pipe of oval shape andtwo oppositely-placed cylindrical pipes of smaller diameter-that is, sothat the parts will, while fitting together tight and close at the topand bottom, where the joint is lnade, be separate along their centralportion, and thus a greater amount ol` heatingsurface is obtained, soarranged that the air of the room can readily and freely come in contactwith it, while occupying less room than if the pipes were all of thesame diameter, and the central pipe being of oval shape permits of alarger tube being used without their abutting against each other, andthe walls of the same may be quite thin, while still maintaining therequisite strength.

As before stated, all ofthe sections of the radiator are made alike, andwith openings in the top and bottom thereof. In order, therefore, toclose such opening or openings as may be necessary to give to theheat-ing medium the proper direction of flow to cause it to circulatethrough all portions of the radiator, a removable cap or plug, E. Fig.7, is used, which is made to Iit within the said openings, and therebyclose the same, as shown in Fig. 2.

To unite the sections together to form a radiator, the nipples l) arefirst driven into the holes at the top and bottom of the sections uponone side only thereof,while the opposite holes remain open. The twosections are then placed together so that the ends of the nipples whichproject from one side of one section will enter the holes in theopposite section, when the said sections are pressed or dri-ven togetheruntil the shoulders of the openings come flush together, when a tightand secure joint and union of the parts is effected. This has generallybeen found all that was necessary to permanently secure the partstogether; but to prevent the accidental displacement of the sectionswhile shipping or handling, binding-rods which pass through flanges atthe top and bottom of each section may be used, as at F G, Figs. l and2.

The simplicity in construction of this radiator is manifest, and byreason of the form and arrangement of the pipes, while a large amount ofheating-surface is obtained, the parts are not heavy or cumbersome, but,on the contrary, are light and stron g, and present a pleasingappearance. The nipples and caps, being entirely separate from thesections, are easily made and fitted in position, and this lportion of aradiator being the part usually lirst destroyed, they can be readilyreplaced, and

without taking the entire sections apart, as would be necessary werescrew-threaded nipples used; and, further, the joint at the top andbottom of the radiator-sections is thesame, and no packing is foundnecessary..

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows,viz:

1. In an upright sectional radiator, the combination,with the sectionscomposing the same, having openings therein for communication betweenthe sections, of the separate and detachable cap E, for closing saidopenings, as described and shown, for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, in an upright sectional radiator, with thesectionscom posing the same, each of which is formed at its top and bottoni withtapered openings for conin'iunication between said sections, of theseparate and detachable threadless nipples l), having tapered ends d anddetachable cap E, substantial] y as described and shown, for the purposespecilied.

3. The combination, in an upright sectional pipe-radiator, of thesections composing the same, cach formed of a group of three pipes each,the central pipe of which is of larger diameter than the outside ones,and having an oval-shaped finted surface, and having tapering openingstherein at top and bottoni, the separate nipples tapered at each end,and separate cap E, all constructed and arranged substantially as andfor the purposes described and shown.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN R. REED.

Vi tnesses:

H. W. ASHLEY, A. B. CLARK.

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